Twenty six premature babies and 81 normal neonates were studied in the period Mar. 1, 1976 to Jun. 10, 1976.
Their intercanthal, outercanthal and interpupillary distances and the size of the cornea were measured and their funduscopic examinations under mydriasis were performed. A review of the literature was added. The result were as follows.
1. The mean intercanthal distance of the normal neonates was 23.81±2.15 mm and that of the premature was 21.15±2.34 mm, the difference being 2.66 mm. (p<0.05)
2. The mean outercanthal distance of the normal neonates was 61. 62±3. 90 mm and that of the premature was 53.19±4.11 mm, the difference being 8.43 mm. (p<0.05)
3. The mean interpupillary distance of the normal neonates was 41.77±2.57 mm and that of the premature was 37.17±2.28 mm, the difference being 4.60 mm. (p<0.05)
4. The mean herizontal diameter of the right cornea of the normal neonates was 9.88±0.44 mm, and that of the left was 9.88±0.44 mm. That of the right cornea of the premature was 9.21±1.10 mm and that of the left was 9.19±1.14 mm. The difference between left and right 4 as insignificant in each group. (left eye: p=0.1, right eye: p>0.1)
5. The mean vertical diameter of the right cornea of the normal neonates was 9.87±0.44 mm and that of the left was 9.87±0.44 mm. That of the right cornea of the premature was 9.23±1.14 mm and that of the left was 9.19±1.14 mm. The difference between left and right in each group was also insignificant. (left eye: p6) There was no case of retinal hemorrhage in the premature group, whereas 3 out of 37 normally neonates and 3 out of 23 vacuum delivered normal neonates were founded to have retinal hemorrhage. .
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